{"id":2517,"date":"2022-10-17T16:00:24","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T15:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter?p=2517"},"modified":"2023-04-18T11:23:35","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T10:23:35","slug":"precision-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter?p=2517","title":{"rendered":"Precision Medicine"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2517\" class=\"elementor elementor-2517\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e05f102 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e05f102\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5b91db\" data-id=\"b5b91db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61b6e71 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"61b6e71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/?page_id=283\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e63651a\" data-id=\"e63651a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a47f65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a47f65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.8.0 - 30-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/?page_id=283\">Back to know more<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fcce528 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fcce528\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54c91d6\" data-id=\"54c91d6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51ade72 elementor-aspect-ratio-169 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"51ade72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;aspect_ratio&quot;:&quot;169&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! 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elementor - v3.8.0 - 30-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));-ms-flex-item-align:stretch;align-self:stretch;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cca38c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cca38c1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa3ae6c\" data-id=\"fa3ae6c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1312b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e1312b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Precision medicine\n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1b31e61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1b31e61\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a32cf74\" data-id=\"a32cf74\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3056b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f3056b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.8.0 - 30-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#2c2c2c;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:before{display:block;content:\"\";border-bottom:0;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:first-of-type{-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;-ms-flex-negative:100;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider-separator:before{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider__element{margin-left:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:last-of-type{-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;-ms-flex-negative:100;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider-separator:after{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider__element{margin-right:0}.elementor-widget-divider:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text):not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon) .elementor-divider-separator{border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern{--divider-border-style:none}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern.elementor-widget-divider--view-line .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ddcf82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ddcf82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.8.0 - 30-10-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Precision medicine is a medical approach that uses information about a person&#8217;s genes, their mutations and other biological data (such as biomarkers) as well as lifestyle habits for the purpose of preventing, diagnosing or treating a disease.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This medical approach has been part of healthcare for many years. For example, a person who needs a blood transfusion is not given blood from a randomly selected donor. Instead, the donor\u2019s blood type is matched to the recipient\u2019s characteristics in order to reduce the risk of complications.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the case of cancer, precision medicine combines specific information about a person&#8217;s tumor to help make a diagnosis, plan treatment, find out how well the treatment is working or make a prognosis. The term is relatively new, and your healthcare providers might use other terms like <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">genomic, DNA, molecular testing, biomarkers, big data analytics or genetic profiling.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0All these terms belong to the precision medicine language.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Precision medicine in cancer leads to a transition from a \u201cone-size-fits-all patients\u201d approach, in which diagnoses and treatments are based on the type of cancer \u2013 as, for example, breast, lung, colon \u2013 its size, and whether it has spread, to approaches \u201ctailored to groups of patients\u201d with a specific genetic profile or biomarkers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Particularly, precision medicine can help in:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Risk assessment:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> genetic testing can reveal predisposition to cancer.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Prevention\/early diagnosis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: knowing to be at risk for a particular cancer type can help people make decisions about healthy habits, screening tests and other steps towards prevention.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Diagnosis:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> detection of cancer at an early stage, when it is potentially easier to treat effectively.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Treatment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: finding out which treatments are potentially safe and effective for each patient and which ones are not.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Management of disease evolution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: monitoring treatment response and disease progression. The advantage could be to allow early treatment of possible adverse events, or enable early detection of disease relapse.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nowadays, precision medicine mainly relies on scientific innovations in genetics and biology, and uses information from genetic tests and biomarkers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is worth noting that genetic testing <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">per se<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> does not eliminate a person&#8217;s risk for cancer and that, in some cases, the results may turn out to be inconclusive or uncertain.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When it comes to cancer treatments, clinical trials<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0are carried out to study if a particular treatment works in patients with a certain genetic set-up, thus tailoring treatment to the groups of patients carrying a specific mutation.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basket trials<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0bring about this shift from the \u201cone-size-fits-all\u201d to the \u201cprecision medicine\u201d approach in that:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tumor biomarkers or genetic mutations are tested to help diagnose cancer or predict the benefits of a given treatment.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients carrying a particular genetic profile are treated with a target therapy, specifically directed to that genetic profile.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It&#8217;s important to note that even if the \u201cone-size-fits-all\u201d approach may be effective, the key advantage of precision medicine in oncology is the possibility to properly match the target drug to the patient, helping to improve the patient\u2019s outcome.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f3b1340 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f3b1340\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5296a22\" data-id=\"5296a22\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a2243e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a2243e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Is precision medicine the same as personalized medicine?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b59641 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b59641\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d8cc6a\" data-id=\"0d8cc6a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dee05b0 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"dee05b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-598815d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"598815d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. However, &#8220;personalized medicine&#8221; could be misinterpreted to imply that treatments are being developed uniquely for a single individual, while precision medicine focuses on identifying which approaches will be effective for which patients with specific genetic mutations or tumor biomarkers. For this reason, the use of \u201cprecision medicine\u201d is preferable to &#8220;personalized medicine&#8221;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f18914 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f18914\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98da75c\" data-id=\"98da75c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdf1a3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cdf1a3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Issues with precision medicine<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-825dcdf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"825dcdf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1d0ce4\" data-id=\"d1d0ce4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4fde45 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a4fde45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5e9e78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5e9e78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The main issues debated in the field of precision medicine are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ethical, social and legal issues, related, in particular, to privacy aspects and the management of information deriving from genetic tests. As for other testing procedures, genetic testing may reveal findings not related to the reason why your doctor ordered the test. These are called \u201cincidental findings\u201d&nbsp;and you can decide whether to be informed about them or not. You should ask your doctor how incidental findings will be managed. Usually, you can express your wish to be contacted in case of genetic testing with implications for yourself or your relatives, through the informed consent form;<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Costs and availability of genetic tests and target treatments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Precision medicine approaches are actually not yet part of routine care for most patients. Genetic testing is not an option in some hospitals due to the lack of facilities and because of its high costs. Also,&nbsp;target therapies&nbsp;(<i>link to the glossary, ed<\/i>) are usually expensive and may be unavailable in some centers. For these reasons, in order to follow a precision medicine approach, you might need to be referred to a specialized cancer center.&nbsp;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b82653c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b82653c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a8b45ad\" data-id=\"a8b45ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60f5f90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60f5f90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the potential benefits of precision medicine?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-95b975e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"95b975e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a5e3d2\" data-id=\"7a5e3d2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6a057f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e6a057f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f7d013 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f7d013\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef616a2\" data-id=\"ef616a2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6de2890 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6de2890\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Precision medicine holds promise for the improvement of many aspects of health and healthcare. Potential benefits are:<\/p><ul><li aria-level=\"1\">Wider access to doctors of patients&#8217; genetic information as part of routine medical care.<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Improved possibility to detect which treatments will work best for specific patients (target treatment).<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of various diseases.<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Providing new approaches for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of a wide range of diseases.<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Better integration of electronic health records in patient care; improvement in the sharing of medical data among doctors.<\/li><\/ul><p>Some benefits should arise in the future, since research is a continuous process in gathering evidence on effective target treatments.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Precision medicine is a medical approach that uses information about a person&#8217;s genes, their mutations and other biological data (such as biomarkers) as well as lifestyle habits for the purpose of preventing, diagnosing or treating a disease.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2693,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35,34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medicine","category-trials"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":5}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2517"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3610,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2517\/revisions\/3610"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dart.datariverweb.com\/iEnter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}